Roofing calculator

Measure the footprint of the roof including overhangs, then pick the pitch. The pitch factor converts flat footprint area to actual roof surface.

Measurements
ft

Along the ridge.

ft

Eave to eave.

/12
Assumptions 4
Assumptions
%

About 10% for gable, 15% for hip or cut-up roofs.

ea

Most architectural shingles: 3.

sq ft

Synthetic rolls are often 1,000 sq ft; #15 felt is 400.

lin ft
Prices

Defaults are ballpark U.S. home-center prices. Enter your local prices for a tighter estimate.

Prices
$/bundle
$/roll
$/bundle
$/ea
%

Materials takeoff

Roof length, incl. overhang: 40 ftRoof width, incl. overhang: 30 ftPitch (rise per 12 in): 6/12Roof style: Gable (two slopes)

Pitch factor
1.118
Roof area
1342 sq ft
Squares
13.42
Ridge + hips
40 lin ft
Materials
No.ItemQtyUnitUnit costAmount
1Architectural shingles45bundle$38.00$1,710.00
2Synthetic underlayment, 1000 sq ft2roll$95.00$190.00
3Hip and ridge cap shingles2bundle$60.00$120.00
4Drip edge, 10 ft15ea$9.00$135.00
Subtotal
$2,155.00
Likely range
$1,831.75 – $2,478.25
  • Footprint × pitch factor assumes every slope has the same pitch. Measure dormers and additions separately.
  • Not included: starter strip, nails, ice and water shield, vents, flashing, tear-off and disposal.

Buy these materials

Links open a store search for each item. Check sizes and grades against your plan.

Quick reference

  • One roofing square is 100 sq ft of roof surface.
  • Pitch factor = √(1 + (rise ÷ 12)²). At 6/12 it is 1.118; at 12/12 it is 1.414.
  • Most architectural shingles come 3 bundles to the square.

How it's calculated

⌈x⌉ means round up to the next whole unit; ⌊x⌋ means round down. Every quantity you buy is rounded up.

  1. Pitch factor = √(1 + (rise ÷ 12)²)
  2. Roof area = length × width × pitch factor
  3. Squares = roof area ÷ 100
  4. Bundles = ⌈ squares × (1 + waste ÷ 100) × bundles per square ⌉
  5. Underlayment rolls = ⌈ roof area × 1.1 ÷ roll coverage ⌉ (10% for laps)
  6. Gable ridge = length. Hip: ridge = length − width, plus 4 hips of √(2 × (width ÷ 2)² + (width ÷ 2 × rise ÷ 12)²)
  7. Ridge cap bundles = ⌈ ridge + hips ÷ lin ft per bundle ⌉
  8. Drip edge = ⌈ (eaves + rakes) ÷ 10 ⌉. Gable: 2 × length + 4 × (width ÷ 2) × pitch factor. Hip: 2 × (length + width).
  9. Cost = Σ (quantity × unit price); range = cost × (1 ± range % ÷ 100)

Worked example

A 40 × 30 ft gable roof at 6/12 has a pitch factor of √(1 + (6/12)²) = 1.118. Roof area is 1200 × 1.118 = 1342 sq ft, or 13.42 squares. With 10% waste at 3 bundles per square, that is 45 bundles. Underlayment with 10% for laps is 2 rolls. The 40 ft ridge takes 2 bundles of cap. Eaves and rakes total 147.08 ft, 15 pieces of drip edge. At the default prices: $2,155.00.

Questions

How many bundles of shingles per square?

Three for most architectural and 3-tab shingles. Some heavy designer shingles are four or five. It is printed on the wrapper.

How do I find my roof pitch?

Hold a level horizontally against a rafter or the roof, measure 12 in along it, and measure straight up to the roof surface. That rise in inches is the pitch, such as 6/12.

Why measure the footprint instead of the roof?

It is safer and simpler. When every slope has the same pitch, footprint area × pitch factor gives the true roof area for both gable and hip roofs.

How much waste for shingles?

About 10% on a simple gable roof and 15% or more on hip roofs and roofs with valleys and dormers.

Cite: “Roofing Calculator.” EstimaHome, https://estimahome.com/roofing-calculator/. Updated 2026-10-20. Formulas in machine-readable form: /api/calculators.json.